Can I cut surface roots on my maple tree to install a patio?

Cutting the roots will affect the health and structural stability. The closer you are to the trunk of the tree, the greater chance for damage. Changing the grade also affects the root system. Again, the closer you are to the trunk, the greater the impact. Maple trees are generally surface rooted and will push up on the patio. It might be best to consider installing a deck on a raised platform above the root system.